Assessing the Socio-Economic Impacts of Oil and Gas Activities on the Economic Status of Women:

Abstract

This study was conducted specifically among women in Buliisa District to assess the socioeconomic effects of oil and gas activities on the socio-economic status of women. The study was guided by 3 objectives which were; to determine the socio-economic status of women living in Buliisa District, to assess the social, and economic impacts of oil and gas activities on women’s development, and to identify the challenges faced by women living in Buliisa District. A descriptive cross-sectional study was employed and this involved utilization of mixed methods approach. The study involved 144 women in Buliisa District and 6 leaders in Buliisa. Questionnaire and Key informant guides were used to collect data. Data collected was analyzed using SPSS and tables and graphs created. The results of the study revealed majority of women in Buliisa District reside in rural areas (63.9%), with most aged between 18–30 years (46.5%). 50% were single (50.0%), and 68.1% were unemployed, despite 48.6% attained secondary education and 41.0% a college education. Most were employed in private-sector jobs (44.4%) and farming (27.8%), 89.6% reported earning less than 500,000 Ugandan shillings monthly. Land ownership among women was notably low, with only 12.5% owning land, limiting economic opportunities. There was limited Women's participation in decision-making processes (25.7%). Oil and gas activities have led to increased access to education and skills development (59%), and improved healthcare services (77.8%). The study revealed that oil and gas activities have led to soil erosion (8.3%), low crop yields (8.3%), loss of grazing land (8.3%), and displacement of animals (6.9%), polluted water (5.6%) and increased flooding (10.4%). The findings highlight the need for improved community involvement in decision-making, equitable distribution of resources, and strategies to mitigate environmental impacts.